如何备考雅思口语系列
2023-02-28 16:19:38 | 人围观 | 评论:
- 2023-02-28 16:19:38如何备考雅思口语系列
来历：?https://englishpronunciationroadmap.com/ielts-speaking-test/为知笔记同步更新ing（处置看不到笔记插图的疑问）：http://d4102110.wiz06.com/wapp/pages/view/share/s/3k424g3zfh7f2qcc6y3mhfoj1iqaxy0knqob2wzhmq1evuqu
评分细则:fluency and coherence.流利和联接,是不是流通，语速适中，没有不天然的中止。
lexical resource.词汇的精确性和词汇规模。
grammatical range and accuracy.语法的运用和精确性。
pronunciation.需求清楚易懂。
01 individual sounds-别人能否简略的听懂你的单词发音学习音标，正确的发对每一个词。多仿照多操练~最佳有个母语者语伴。
02 word stress-单词中的重读怎样进行??words are split up into?syllables. in polysyllabic words（多音节单词) in english we tend to?only stress one syllables in a word.
1.怎样进行重读？by changing?pitch upwards. （注：syllables 音节）
2.留心音标的重读标志，ipa音标中【】符号后的那个音节需要重读(e.g.,?abbreviated -???bri?v?e?t?d)。
tips1.)for?two-syllable verbs,?it’s the?second syllable?that is stressed.(双音节v.重读的是第2个音节.e.g.,
a.ttack ? pro.voke ? en.tice
2.)for?two-syllable nouns and adjectives,?it is often the?first syllable?that is stressed.(双音节n.或adj.重读的是第1个音节
ta.ble ? so.fa ? ha.ppy ? lone.ly
3.)for words with?three or more syllables ending in ‘ic’, ‘sion’ and ‘tion,?the stress often falls on what’s called the?penultimate syllable?(the one before last).(ic, sion和tion结束的三音节或多音节字,重音一般落在倒数第2个音节上)
a.po.lo.ge.tic ? de.ci.sion ? con.di.tion
4.)?for words that have?four or more syllables ending in either ‘cy’, ‘ty’, ‘phy’, ‘gy’ and ‘al,?the stress often falls on whats called the?antepenultimate syllable?(which is the second before last).?(cy,ty,phy,gy和al结束的四音节或更多音节的单词，重音一般落在倒数第3个音节上)
e.mer.gen.cy ? i.den.ti.ty ? ge.o.gra.phy ? a.po.lo.gy ? ex.cep.tion.al
更多有关单词重读的本钱，youtube作者留下的免费下载联接本钱.
03 sentence stress-语句中的重读怎样进行？
tips:4种了解英文中语句重读的办法
1.)在语句中，被重读的单词承载着最重要的信息（清楚想让别人晓得的信息）。这非常活络，可以会根传闻话的环境、目标以及内容而改动。
“did?you know that she crashed the car?”?questions whether the other person knew about the event at all.
“did?you?know that she crashed the car?”?questions in a sort of accusatory way as to whether the other person knew.
“did you?know?that she crashed the car?”?questions whether the other person knew for certain.
“did you know that?she?crashed the car?”?questions whether the other person is sure of who is responsible.
“did you know that she?crashed?the cars?”?questions whether the other person knew the state of the car.
“did you know that she crashed?the?car?”?questions whether the listener knows that its the best one.
“did you know that she crashed the?car?”?questions whether the other person knew that it was the car that she crashed as opposed to something else.
来历：?https://englishpronunciationroadmap.com/ielts-speaking-tips/
2.)根据腔调单位（tone units）。
a）语句被区别为许多腔调单位（也就是一般所说的“意群”）。b）在一个腔调单位中，主音节词或许说该短语中被重读的词一般是最终一个实意词（包括名词、动词、描述词、副词）
‘i was?wondering?/ whether you might be?interested?/ in coming to a?play?that i’m going to.?/ it’s at the?royal?/ this coming?friday. / it’s about a?guy?/ who loses?everything?/ and?discovers?himself. / it’s got really great?reviews?/ and i?thought?/ that we could go to that italian?pizza?place / close to the?tube?station. / their?dough-balls / are?amazing!’
3.）偏重说话中的新信息。
4.）在对话中标明信息的比照。
04weak sounds-掌控在非重读情况下元音发音的改变
youtube作者留下的免费下载联接本钱-有关12的电子书，有关schwa的电子书。
2.舌尖向下藏在牙后，舌头中部位于嘴的中心，嘴唇放松翻开宣告“?”的短音。其只用于标明单词中的弱读音节。除此之外，当一些单音节语法单词处于语句中的非重读方位时，咱们也会运用它。
e.g.,?
support - s??p??t
cautious - ?k????s
thorough - ?θ?r?
3. 怎么堆集？build up vocabularies?in a?dictionary?and practice.
05linking sounds-（两个单词相遇，位于单词结束或最初的元音和子音的读音有时会发生改变）注：【联系参阅：https://space.bilibili.com/286263737/?昂克英文君】
练习办法-三部曲：1.每个单词都正确、发饱满； 2.逐个单词参加，然后全体慢速连读（拖长声响~）
； 3.长速连读
patterns：
01基础连读：***子音? 元音***
02 添加连读：这儿参见下文的intrusive consonants表象
03 子音+子音之geminates连读:
省音规则：
/t d/; /p b/; /k g/每组中的两个放在一同，省掉前面的，直接发后边一个音 e.g.，/t t/;/d d/; /t d/: have a good time
其它完全相同的两个子音放在一同，也是省掉前面的，直接发后边一个音 e.g., steal it from me.
除去上面几组比方，其它同组的音标，一般是“同一个发音方位的浊子音在前，清子音在后”时省掉前面的，直接发后边一个音 e.g., /v/ /f/: have fun;?/z/ /s/: i was stuck;? ?注：以下虽为同组音标但不能省掉
1.一般只关于/t d/; /p b/; /k g/这6个子音
2. 吞音并不是省掉，只是做出口型动作后不宣告声响，感触这个发音被吞掉了，但必定要坚持这个音的动作和时值。
小tips:简略的来说，吞音的表象发生在比方：/t/后边不是其同组的/t//d/情况下
04 喉音中止 glottal stop /??n/? 适用于/t?n/ 和/tin/? e.g.,writtrn-先发汉语“啊?n”，然后是/ri’?n/? ? 【注: 发音时停要适度不要重，是天然的】
05 略读h-dropping 即/h/ 不发音? e.g., did he /did?hi/?have lunch?? ; what does he /d?z?hi/ do??; i had dinner with her /wie?h?(r)/.
06略读g-dropping 以doing为比方，ing可以发为/i?/或许把g音省掉变成/in/
07变音 fusion 即子音+/j/时。具体：/t/+/ju/ = /t?u/; /d/+/ju/
= /d?u/; /k/+/ju/ = /kju/
08 其它规则：
弱读：
1.can-/k?n/; have-/h?v/;the-/e?/? ?[注：the 后接元音时仍读/ei/]
2./s/后边的清子音浊化（flap）：当清子音后边是元音时浊化（e.g., speak, stop）;当清子音后边是子音则不浊化（disclose）
https://men-yinbiao.xiao84.com/biao/
#1 consonant to vowel#2 vowel to vowel#3 consonant to consonantrules in linking words:（intrusive consonants表象）
1- if you have a high front vowel, like /i/ and?/?/, and another vowel following, there will be?/j/-insertion.example:i need?the key??/j/and?licence. /..e?_ki:_j_?n../2- if you have a high back vowel, like /u/, and another vowel following, youre going to have?/w/-insertion.example:lets?have a?q?/w/?and?a?session. /..?v_a_kju:_w_?_ne?../
you (w) and i
3- if you have a mid/low vowel, like (numerous ones mentioned), then thats where?/r/-insertion happens.【相对前两种较为不常见】example:karma?/r/?applies?to everyone. /..kɑ:m?_r_?pla?z../
put
the pizza?/r/?the oven.
saw?/r/?half
来历：?https://ingles-americano.blogspot.com/2012/08/insertions-intrusives-w-j-and-r.html
06intonation-是不是用音和谐节奏来精确表达情感
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