又如:Smith can do nothing in the company because he is just a **all potato there. (史姑娘在这家公司起不了甚么感化,由于他在那边是个小人物)“a **all potato”是“小人物”之意,而非"小马铃薯"的意思。只有领会西方文化,才会理解这类修辞的意义。
2、要学会在得当说话情况中利用得当的说话
说话情况在很大水平上制约着用词。要注重在分歧的说话情况中利用合适上下文的词,使思惟联贯、内容完备。如:在西方,大夫看到病人常问? “How do you feel” “What's wrong”看到病人表情欠好,会说:“You look pale.”或问:“Do you sleep well”而不说:“How are you”(你好吗?)那是西方人碰头时互相酬酢的用法,其实不是真的扣问他人的身体状态。
当看到"好"字,就十分天然遐想起英语里的“good”或“well”,但咱们更要钻研其深层涵义,即在特定语境中“好”字的内在和外延,如:Put on your coat before going out.(外出前,穿好外套)Tom is a yes - person.(汤姆是个好好师长教师)If the matter isn't dealt with properly : you'll get into trouble.(若是这桩事没有很好处置,你会堕入窘境)
如:“Is groups you ( not)to do sth.….”,“You must/should…”等,而用委婉语气,得当的说话城市在很大水平上影响对方接管建议与否。如:“Why don't you…?”,“Why not…?”,“You'd better….”“Do you think…?”等。
Why don't you/Why not spend more money on books?(为甚么不在书上多花些钱?)
You'd better do your homework all by yourself.(你最佳自力完成功课)
Don't you think **oking too much is harmful to your health? (莫非你没有想过吸烟太多有害你的康健吗?)
4、要养成用英语来思惟
英汉两种说话差别较大,用汉语思惟模式来代替英语思惟模式,常常
会逐字理解、对释,这类逐一对应的毛病模式违背了英语表达纪律。
如:(错)Today is very close.(今每天气很闷)英语语法中暗示气候时候和间隔,经常使用it做主语。(正)It is very close today.
又如:(错)Sorry: I forget my dictionary at home. (对不起,我把字典忘在家里了)这是依照汉语的字面意思来表达,动词“forget”在暗示“健忘带某物”时,不与地址状语连用。该句准确表达是“I left my dictionary at home.”