英语单词学会这3种构词法,词汇量轻松上10000+_网易订阅

英语单词的堆集是许多人在学习英语进程中最为烦恼的一项，跟着学习难度升高，需要堆集掌控的单词也会越来越多。那么要想前进学习功率，那就要掌控办法。

下面，修改给我们介绍一下关于英语单词中的三种构词法，再凌乱的词也可以变得超简略！我们可以作为学习的参阅哦~

一、转化法(conversion)

在英语中，一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性而词形不变的办法叫做转化法。

1. 动词转化为名词

Let me have a try.

让我试试。

They are only allowed to sell soft drinks at school.

在学校里只答应他们出

售不含酒精的饮料。

2. 名词转化为动词

He shouldered his way through the crowd.

他用肩膀推开人群行进。

The smell from the kitchen made his mouth water.

从厨房传来的气味使他流口水。

3. 描述词转化为动词

We will try our best to better our living conditions.

咱们要极力改进咱们的日子情况。

They tried to perfect the working conditions.

他们尽力改进作业条件。

4. 描述词转化为名词

He didn’t know the difference between right and wrong.

他不辨对错。

The old in our village are living a happy life.

咱们村的晚年人过着夸姣的日子。

5. 描述词转化为副词

How long have you lived there?

你在那儿住多久了?

6. 单个词在必定场合中可转化为名词

Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.

穿温暖的衣裳到山区去是有必要的。

Life is full of ups and downs.

人生有满足时也有失落时。

His argument contains too many ifs and buts.

他的争辩中富含太多的“假定”和“可是”。

二、组成法(composition)

由两个或两个以上的单词连在一同组成一个新词，这种构词法叫做组成法，组成的词叫做组成词(compounds)。组成词的写法由习气抉择，可以写在一同，也可以用连词符号联接。

1. 组成名词

名词/代词+名词

newspaper, blood-test, she-wolf

动词+名词

typewriter, pickpocket, daybreak

描述词+名词

greenhouse, highway

副词+名词

overcoat, outside

名词+v.-ing/v.-ing +名词

handwriting, reading-room, freezing-point

动词+副词/ 副词+ 动词

breakthrough, get-together, outbreak, outcome

名词+介词+名词

sister-in-law, editor-in-chief

2. 组成描述词

名词+描述词/描述词+名词

world-famous, duty-free, large-scale, long-term

副词+描述词

over-anxious, evergreen

名词+曩昔分词

man-made, sun-burnt

名词+如今分词

peace-loving, English-speaking

描述词+如今分词

good-looking, easy-going

副词+曩昔分词

well-informed, widespread

副词+如今分词

hardworking, far-reaching

描述词+名词+ed

warm-hearted, absent-minded

数词+名词+ed

three-legged, ten-storied

数词+名词

one-way, five–star

数词+名词+描述词

ten-year-old, 800-meter-long

名词+to+名词

face–to-face, door-to-door

3. 组成动词

名词+动词

baby-sit, sleepwalk

副词+动词

outnumber, underestimate, overwork

描述词+动词

whitewash

4. 组成副词

描述词+名词

meanwhile, anyway

描述词+副词

everywhere, anyhow

副词+副词

however

介词+名词

beforehand, overhead

介词+副词

forever

5. 组成代词

代词宾格+self/selves

herself, themselves

物主代词+self/selves

myself, yourselves

描述词+名词

anything, nothing

6. 组成介词

副词+名词

inside, outside

介词+副词

without, within

副词+介词

into

三、派生法

由一个词加上前缀或后缀构成一个与原单词意义附近或截然相反的新词叫气度生法。

1. 前缀

除少量前缀外，前缀一般改动单词的意义，但不改动单词的词性。

(1)标明否定意义的前缀

un- unhappy, unfinished, undress, unfair

dis- disagree, disbelieve

in[il-(在字母l前)，im-(在字母m,b,p前)，ir(在字母r前)]- inaccurate, incorrect, illegal, impolite, imbalance, impossible, irregular

mis- misbehave, mislead, mistake, misunderstand

non- nonstop, nonsmoker, nonfiction

(2)标明其他意义的前缀

en-“使……” enrich, enlarge, encourage

inter-“彼此” international, intercontinental

re-“再，又，重” rethink, retell, recycle

tele-“远程的” telescope, telephone, telegraph

auto-“主动的” automatic, automobile

co-“一起” coworker, cooperate, coexist

anti-“对立，反抗” antiwar, antifreeze, antinuclear

multi-“多” multistory, multicultural, multicolor

bi-??bicycle, bilingual, bilateral

micro-“极小的，细小的” microwave, microcomputer

over-“太多，过火” overwork, overdo, overestimate

self-“自个，本身” self-centered, self-confident, self-control

under-“在……下面，……下的，缺乏的” underline, underground, underestimate, underrate

2. 后缀

(1)描述词后缀

-able“可……的，具有……的” acceptable, drinkable, knowledgeable, reasonable

-al“与……有关的” physical, magical, political, musical, natural

-an“归于某当地的人” American, African

-ern“方向” southern, northern, eastern

-ful/ less“(没)有……的” helpful, useful, grateful , homeless,

hopeless, priceless

-ish“如……的；有……特征的” foolish, childish, selfish

-ive“有……倾向的” active, attractive, expensive

-en“由……制成的” golden, wooden, woolen

-ous“有(性质)的” famous, dangerous, poisonous

-ly “有……性质的” friendly, yearly, daily

-y“构成描述词” noisy, dusty, cloudy

(2)名词后缀

-er / or“表人或用具” farmer, baker, visitor, professor, cooker, container

-ese“某国(人)的” Chinese, Japanese

-ian“某国、某地人；通晓……的人” musician, Asian, Russian, technician

-ist“某种主义或作业者” physicist, scientist, communist，socialist

-ess“表女人，雌性” hostess, actress, princess

-ment“行为或其状况” government, movement, achievement

-ness“性质，状况” illness, sadness, carelessness

-tion“动作，进程，成果” invention, organization, translation

-ance/ ence“笼统；行为、性质、状况” importance, appearance, absence,

existence

-th“性质、情况” depth, warmth, truth

-ful“(满的)量” handful, spoonful, mouthful

-(a)bility“笼统、性质、状况” possibility, disability, reliability

-al“进程、状况” survival, arrival, approval

-y“性质、情况” modesty, delivery, honesty

-dom“处于……状况；性质” freedom, boredom

-age“状况，行为，身份及其成果” courage, storage, marriage

(3)动词后缀

-fy / ify“使得；变得” simplify, beautify, purify

-en“使变成……；变得” shorten, deepen, sadden

-ize“使变成” apologize, realize, specialize

(4)副词后缀

-ly“方法，程度” freely, truly, angrily

ward(s)“向……” towards, forward, upwards

(5)数词后缀

-teen“十几” fourteen, eighteen, thirteen

-ty“整十位数” forty, fifty, sixty

-th“序数词” twelfth,

twentieth

掌控了以上3种单词构词法，单词就不再是一串毫无规则的字母啦，弄清单词的规划，愈加高效地背单词吧！期望能给我们在学习进程中带来协助！

喜爱请多多重视学府翻译哦~