专升本英语49个基础常识点大汇总_Are_fond_people

原标题：专升本英语| 49个基础常识点大汇总

1. be fond of “喜爱，喜爱” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing方法。

He’s fond of swimming.

他喜爱游水。

Are you fond of fresh vegetables.

你喜爱新鲜蔬菜吗?

He is fond of his research work.

他喜爱他的研讨作业。

2. hunt for = look for 寻找

I have found the book I was hunting for.

我找到了那本我在找的书。

hunt for a job 找作业

3. in order to/so as to：这两个词组都可引导不定式作意图状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to则不能, 其否定方法为in order not to / so as not to.

He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.

他去北京是为了参加一个重要会议。

In order to be noticed,

he shouted and waved to us.

为了让咱们留心他, 他朝咱们又是叫喊又是挥手。

4. care about

1) 喜爱，对……有快乐喜爱 = care for

She doesn’t care about money.

她不喜爱钱。

2）关怀 = care for

She thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people.

她只思考自个。她不关怀别人。

3）在乎，介意（接从句或不接任何成分）

These young people care nothing about what old people might say.

这些年青人根柢不在乎老人说的话。

5. such as 意为“比方……”，“像……”，是用来罗列人或事物的。

She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.

她教三门类别,像物理、化学。

6. drop a line 留下条子, 写封短信

7. make yourself at home 别谦让；随意；无拘谨

If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.

假定你在我之前到我家，自个喝点饮料，随意一点。

8. stay up 不睡；熬夜

（1） I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.

我将回家很晚，不要等我了。

（2） He

stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.

他熬夜看书直到清晨两点。

9. come about 致使；发生；发生

（1）How did the accident come about?

这场事端是怎么发生的？

（2） They didn't know how the change had come about.

他们不晓得这个改变是怎样发生的。

10. except for 除……之外

（1） except 与 except for 的用法常有差异。except 多用于致使同类事物中被打扫的一项。如：

①He answered all the questions except the last one.

除去最终一个，他答复了一切疑问。

②We go there every day except Sunday.

除了星期天，咱们每天去那里。

（2）except for 用于引述细节以批改语句的首要意思。如：

①Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.

除去一个老太太，这辆公共轿车全空了。

②Your picture is good except for the colours.

你的画儿极好，只是某些颜色有疑问。

（3）但在现代英语中，except for也用于标明except的意思。如上述第一个比方可所以：

He answered all the questions except for the last one.

（4） 另外，在介词短语之前只能用except，不能用except for。

We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.

除了夏日，咱们一般十点之前上床睡觉。

11. end up with 以……告终；以……结束

The party ended up with an English song.集会以一首英文歌结束。

12. more or less 几乎；差不多；大约；大约；大体上

（1） I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.

我差不多成功了，而他们没有。

（2） Our living condition has more or less improved.

咱们的日子水平或多或少前进了。

13. bring in 引入；引来；吸收

（1） We should bring in new technology.

咱们大约引入新技能。

（2） He brings in 800 dollars a month.

他一个月挣8百美元。

14. get away（from） 逃离

（1）The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.

小偷带着咱们一切的钱从商铺出逃了。

（2）I caught a really big fish but it got away.

我钓到了一条好大的鱼，可是它逃掉了。

15. watch out （for）留心；留心

（1）Watch out! There is a car coming.

留心！轿车来了。

（2）Watch out for the hole in the road.

留心路上的那个坑。

16. see sb. off 给或人送别

Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.

明日我到火车站给兄弟送别。

17. on the other hand 另一方面（用以引出彼此敌对的观念、定见等，常说on the one hand …… on the other hand一方面……另一方面）

I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.

我晓得这份作业酬劳不高，但从另一方面来说，我也不必作业太长时刻。

18. as well as 和，还

He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.

她不可是拍摄师仍是个天才的音乐家。

19. take place 发生

take one’s place 入座、站好方位、获得方位

take sb’s place 或take the place of 替代、替代

20. on fire 恰当于burning, 意为“燃烧；着火；起火”，有静态的意义。catch fire有动态的意义。

set…on fire/set fire to…用来标明“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。

Look, the theatre is on fire! Let’s go and help.

瞧，剧院着火了，咱们去协助救火吧。

21. on holiday 在休假，在休假中

When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle.

我在休假的时分去看望了叔叔。

22. travel agency旅行社

=travel bureau

23. take off

1)脱下(衣裳等), 解(除)掉

He took off his wet shoes.

他脱下了湿鞋子。

2）（飞机）起飞

The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.

飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺畅。

3）仓促脱离

The six men got into the car and took off for the park.

这六自个上了车，仓促脱离去公园。

24. go wrong v. 走错路, 误入岐途, (机器等)发生毛病

25. in all adv. 一共

26. stay away v.外出

27. look up 查询（如宾语为代词，则代词放中心）

Look up the word in the dictionary.

在字典里查单词。

有关词组：look for 寻找；look after照看，照顾；look forward to等待；look into查询； look on傍观；look out留心；look out for留心，留心，防备；look over翻阅，查看，查看；look around环视；look through翻阅，查看。

28. run after 追逐，寻求

If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.

一起追两只兔子，你一只也抓不到。

29. on the air 播送

We will be on the air in five minutes.

咱们五分钟今后初步播送。

This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.

这个节目每天在同一时刻播出。

30. think highly/well/much of对……评价很高, 欣赏, 对……形象好

He was highly thought of by the manager.

司理对他非常欣赏。

I think well of your suggestion.

我觉得你的主张极好。

think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好, 好……不介意, 不撑持, 觉得……不怎么样

I don’t think much of him as a teacher.

我觉得他作为一个教师不怎么样。

31. leave out

1) 漏掉

You made a mistake—You’ve left out a letter “t”.

你犯错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.

2) 删掉, 没用

I haven’t changed or left out a thing.

我没有作出改变也没有删掉任何东西。

32. stare at （因为猎奇、激动等张着嘴巴，睁大双眼地）凝视，盯着看

Don’t stare at foreigners. It’s impolite.

不要盯着外国人看，这样不礼貌。

比照：glare at （to stare angrily at）敌视着

33. make jokes about 就……说笑

They make jokes about my old hat.

他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。

have a joke with … about…跟或人开关于某事的玩笑。

He stopped to have a joke with me.

他停下来跟我开玩笑。

play a joke on…开或人的玩笑

We played jokes on each other.

咱们彼此开玩笑。

v. joke about 讪笑

They joked about my broken English.

他们讪笑我糟糕的英。

34. take over 接收；替代；继承

what is good and still useful should be taken over.

好的有用的东西应当继承。

Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).

咱们的主席走了，因而杰克将接收（他的作业）。

35. break down

1) 损坏；离散

Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.

人体中的化学元素把食物分化成有用的物质。

The peace talks are said to have broken down.

(喻)传闻和谈决裂了。

2)（机器）损坏

Our truck broke down outside town.

咱们的货车在城外抛锚了。

The car broke down halfway to the destination.

轿车在抵达意图地的中途抛锚了。

3) 失利；决裂

Their opposition broke down.

他们的对立定见消除了。

4) 精力溃散；失掉控制

He broke down and wept.

他不由失声痛哭。

5) 起化学改变

Food is broken down by chemicals.

化学物质致使食物转化。

36. get on one’s feet

1）站起来;站起来讲话

2）(=stand on one's feet)自立, 经济上独立

3）(人)病好了, 可以起床了; (使)恢复, 复苏(指公司)

37. go through

1) 阅历；饱尝；遭到

These countries have gone / been through too many wars.

这些国家饱经烽火。

2) 结束；做完

I didn't want to go through college.

我不想上完大学。

3）经过；附和

The law has gone through Parliament.

议会现已经过了这项法案。

Their plans went through.

他们的方案得到了附和。

4）全部查看；查找

They went through our luggage at the customs.

在海关他们查看了咱们的行李。

38.take over 接收；替代；继承

what is good and still useful should be taken over.

好的有用的东西应当继承。

Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).

咱们的主席走了，因而杰克将接收（他的作业）。

39. “So + be／have／助动词／神态动词＋主词”的规划。此规划中的语序是倒装的，“So”替代上句中的某个成分。假定上面一句是不是定句，则运用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/神态动词+主语”的规划。

He’s tired，and so am I．(＝I’ m also tired．)

You can swim，and so can I．(＝I can also swim．)

She has had supper，and so can I．(＝I’ve had lunch，too．)

Tom speaks English，and so does his sister．(＝His sister speaks English，too．)

A: I went to the park yesterday．

B: So did I．(＝I also went to the park yesterday．)

40.“So +主语+be／have／助动词／神态动词”规划中的主谓是正常语序，so恰当于indeed,certainly,标明说话人对前面或对方所说情况的必定、附和或证明，口气较强，意思是“的确如此”。

A：It was cold yesterday．昨日很冷。

B：So it was．的确如此。(＝Yes，it was．)

A：You seem to like sports．

B：So I do．(＝Yes，I do．)

A：It will be fine tomorrow．

B：So it will．(＝Yes ，it will．)

41.“主语+do/does/did + so”规划指的是按上句的需求做了。此句型中do so替代上文中需求做的事，避免重复。

My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed inmy composition on time.)

语文教师叫我准时交作文, 我照办了。

42. So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型标明 “……(的情况)也是如此。”其时面的语句中有几种不一样方法的谓语时，要标明相同情况，有必要运用本句型，不能运用so 致使的倒装句。

She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.

43. There you are. 行了，好。 这是一句标明一种作业告一期间或有了最结束果的用语。

There you are! Then let's have some coffee.

除此之外，还可以标明“瞧，对吧（公然如此）”的口气。

There you are! I knew we should find it at last.

对吧！我就晓得咱们究竟能找到的。

44. have some difficulty (in) doing sth. 干某事有困难；接名词时，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.

①Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?

你了解英语口语有困难吗？

②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.

她说她在发音方面有困难。

45. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌控……”，“对……有某种程度的晓得”

①He has a good knowledge of London.

他对伦敦有所晓得。

②A good knowledge of languages is always useful.

46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着山公从他手上吃花生，很风趣。

fun “好玩，趣事”，不可以数名词，前面不加不定冠词a。

You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今日晚上你必定会玩得很开心。

make fun of“讪笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.我们讪笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么新鲜的衣裳。

funny adj. “可笑的，诙谐的”。He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿戴他父亲的衣裳，看上去很诙谐。

47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里一切东西吃完是有礼貌的。

这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型，其间to finish eating everything 是主语，it是方法主语。

48. 直接引语和直接引语

（1）直接引语在改为直接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。

eg: “I broke your CD player.” (一般曩昔时改成曩昔结束时)

He told me he had broken my CD player.

Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”

(如今结束时改成曩昔结束时)

Jenny said she had lost a book.

Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”

(一般将来时改成曩昔将来时)

Mum said she would go to see a friend.

曩昔结束时保存原有的时态

He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.”

He said they hadn’t finished their homework.

留心 直接引语是客观真理，曩昔进行时，时态不变。

（2）在直接引语变直接引语时，假定从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所润饰，从句中的人称要依照主句中主语的人称改变。如：

Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”

Mary said her brother was and engineer.

（3）直接引语假定是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，直接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如：

He said, “Can you run, Mike?”

He asked Mike whether/if he could run.

（4）直接引语假定是祈使句，直接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等) (not) to do sth.”句型。如：

“Pass me the water, please.”said he.

He asked him to pass her the water.

（5）直接引语假定是以“Let’s”最初的祈使句，变为直接引语时，一般用“suggest+动名词或从句”的规划。如：

She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”

She suggested going to the cinema.

或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.

49. 如今进行时表将来的动作

如今进行时表将来的动作，谓语一般为片刻间动词。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时刻。

（1）用如今进行时标明将来，指的是近期的，按方案或组织要发生的动作。

（2）如今进行时标明将来与标明正在进行的动作的差异在于：前者一般用片刻间动词（有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。然后者一般是持续性动词。

The train is arriving soon.

火车就要进站了。

He is reading a novel.

他在看小说。

（3）用如今进行时标明将来的时刻，在句中或上下文中一般有标明将来时刻的状语。

（4）如今进行时与一般如今时标明将来动作的差异在于：前者标明的将来的动作一般是可以改动的，然后者则是根据规则或时刻表估计要发生的动作或作业，因而一般是不可以改动或不凶咴随意改动的。

What are you doing next Friday?

下星期五你们方案干啥？

The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.

飞机今晚七点半起飞。

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